Ezra l



(No Model.) Q

E. L. POST.

MACHINE FOR TESTING THE FRICTION 0F METALS. I No. 358,164. Patented Feb;22,1887.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR:

. BY fi fi c ATTORNEYS.

N. PETERS, Phollruflmgnpher, Washlnglon. D.C.

UNITED STATES PATENT Orrrcn.

EZRA L. POST, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

MACHINE FOR TESTING THE FRICTION OF METALS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 358,164, dated February22, 1887.

Application filed November 2, 1886. SerialNo. 217,804. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may c0ncern:

Be it known that I, EZRA L. Posr, of the city, county, and State of NewYork, have invented a new and Improved Machine for Testing the Frictionof Metals, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

My invent-ion relates to an apparatus for testing the friction ofmetals, and has for its object to produce a portable machine of simpleconstruction, through the use of which the relative frictionalresistance of metals may be ascertained and the percentage of one overthe other accurately computed.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of theseveral parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed outin the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in both the figures.

Figure l is a side elevation of my machine;

' and Fig. 2 a front elevation thereof, partly sec tional.

The frame A is constructed of two vertical end stardards,a a,havingtheir upper surfaces recessed centrally, so as to impart to the samesomewhat the shape of the letter U, and their under surfaces providedwith integral horizontal inward projections, B B, forming the base forsaid standards. The two projections B B,thus extended horizontally inthe same direction, are made to approach each other at the center andform a narrow transverse space, 6. Between the bases of the standards aa and the solid base 0 of the machine a layer or layers, 0, of paper orother non-conductive material, is interposed, the purpose of theaforesaid space b and the layer 0 being to prevent the passage of heatfrom one side of the machine to the other, as will be hereinafter setforth.

WVithin the recessed top of the standards a a the lower half, 01 and e,of the journal-boxes D and E are detachably placed, adapted to receiveashaft,F, having centrallykeyed thereon a pulley, G. The said shaft andpulley are,

being again united to revolve in unison by clamps, bolts, or in anycustomary or wellknown manner. of the said journal-boxes D and E areprovided upon each side of the center with integral vertical projectionsg g, having a steel plate, h, attached to the top facethereof. Oentrallybetween said projections inthe said upper sections alubfloating-aperture, h, is formed, and near each outer end a largeraperature, k, is made centrally the upper surface to admit a tubularcasing, K, to a hearing upon the shaft F, purposed to shield athermometer, K, the bulb of which is also made to rest upon the shaft toprevent friction and keep the said thermometer in an upright position.The said casing K is partially filled with oil k. y

In the rear arm of each standard a and a, in alignment with the spacebetween the projections g g of the journal-boxes D and E, I fasten,byscrew-thread or otherwise. aT-shaped rod, m, having its arms formedwith a knifeedge. I now employ two levers, M M, of a suitable length,provided upon each side, near their rear ends, with horizontalknife-edged arms m, and having their extreme rear ends reduced andrecessed centrally, each lever M and M being adapted when in position toengage the T-shaped vertical rods m, with their recessed rear ends, insuch manner as that the arms of said rods will bear upon the reducedport-ion of said levers, as shown in Fig. 1, thus bringing theknife-edged arms on of the levers to a bearing upon the steel'plates hof the box projections g and g. The levers thus positioned are providedwith a carrier, N, at their free ends, adapted to receive weights n, thelength of the levers being so calculated as that one pound placed uponthe said carrier N will exert a pressure of three pounds to the squareinch upon the boxes D and E.

In operation I cast the standard metal and the metal to be testedagainst said standard in two parts, the said metals partaking of a shapesimilar to the inner contour of the journal-boxes. Themetals are thenplaced one part, 0, in the lower box-section, cl and e, and the shaft Fentered thereon. The remaining portion, 0, of the metals, havingpreviously been drilled in line with the apertures h and k in the upperbox-sections, d and e, are

The upper sections, d and e,

placed upon the shaft and the said box-sections upon the metals. Thethermometer and easing are now entered to a bearing upon the shaft, andthe levers M M placed in position and weighted equally until therequired pressure is obtained. Thus we have one kind of metal in the boxE and another in the box D, with no possibility of the heat of onebearing being communicated to the other, due to the divisions abovereferred to and the interposed packing of non conductive material. Thepower is applied and the shaft revolved in its metal beds. In makingtests the temperature of each metal is taken about every fifteen minutesduring the period of work, and the temperatures of each metal, when themachine has been stopped, are added separately to obtain a total. Fromeach total the temperature of the room at the time of starting isdeducted. Then deducting one from the other to find the difference, Idivide the difference by the lesser amount, whereupon the percentage offriction that one box runs over the other is obtained.

Having thus described my invention,what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Amachine for testing the friction ofmetals, provided with a framesupporting independent boxes carrying separate metals, and

a non-conductive shaft-journal in said boxes on said metals having keyedthereto a nonconductive pulley, substantially as shown and described,for the purpose herein set forth.

2. A maehine'for testing the friction ofmetals, provided with a framesupporting independent boxes carrying separate metals, a noneonduetiveshaftjournaled in said metals,having keyed thereto a non-conductivepulley, means for imparting pressure to said boxes, and means for takingthe temperature from the shaft, substantially as shown and described,and for the purpose herein set forth.

3. A machine for testing the friction of metals,provided with anon-conductive frame supporting independent divided and detachable boxescarrying separate metals, a shaft having keyed centrally thereto apulleyjournaled in said metals, the said shaft and pulley packedtransversely with non-conductive material, independentweighted leverspivoted upon each box, and an incascd thermometer entered through saidboxes and metals to a bearing on the shaft,substa ntiall y as shown anddescribed, and for the purpose herein set forth.

EZRA L. POST.

Vituesses:

J. F. ACKER, J r., 1 H. CLARK.

